St Chad's

Catechesis offered by the Diocesan Liturgical Commission


Liturgy and Worship is one of the four themes of Archbishop Bernard’s Diocesan Vision.
Understanding and making connections especially through our experience of Sunday Mass deepens our faith (formation), and prepares us to be more confident in sharing our faith (evangelisation and charity and social outreach).

This year, Year A, the Gospels for the Holy Season of Lent have a particular focus on themes related to baptism. Baptism is a Sacrament associated especially with the Holy Season of Eastertide. By long tradition, the preparation of candidates for adult Baptism has culminated at the Easter Vigil on Holy Saturday.

Although there is no set period of preparation for adult Baptism, the weeks of Lent leading to reception of Baptism at Easter mark a period of more intense preparation. While it is common for those already baptised in other Christian tradition to be Received into Full Communion at Easter, it is the Sacrament of the new life of Baptism that celebrates most clearly the Death and Resurrection of Christ. 

Baptism is a sharing in the Death of Christ, the waters of Baptism symbolise going down into the tomb with Christ (hence the practice of total immersion Baptism in some Christian traditions), so that at the end of our earthly life, having shared in his Death, we are prepared to share in the fulness of the Resurrection of the Body with Christ.

Have you noticed the symbols of Christian Baptism (Holy Water, Paschal Candle and the white garment) which are mirrored in the Order of Christian Funerals (sprinkling with Holy Water, the Paschal Candle and the Funeral Pall placed over the coffin)? It is good to make these connections.


So, let us look at the Sunday Gospels of this coming Holy Season of Lent:

First Sunday of Lent - the Temptations of Jesus in the Wilderness (Matthew 4:1-11)
Prayer - Fasting - Almsgiving, following on from these themes which we hear in the Gospel of Ash Wednesday.

It is good to note that the account of the Temptations of Jesus is always proclaimed on the First Sunday of Lent, from the Gospel cycle for that year (so this year, Year A, is from the Gospel of Matthew). 

Second Sunday of Lent - the Transfiguration of the Lord (Matthew 17:1-9)

In the Preface of the Eucharistic Prayer in today’s Mass we hear something of the meaning of this mountaintop experience and why this Gospel forms part of the Sunday Gospel pattern every year on this Sunday of Lent:

For after he had told the disciples of his coming Death,
on the holy mountain he manifested to them his glory,
to show, even by the testimony of the law and the prophets,
that the Passion leads to the glory of the Resurrection.

As for the Gospel of the Temptations of Christ, so the Gospel of the Transfiguration is always proclaimed on the Second Sunday of Lent, and from the Gospel cycle for that year.

The Gospels for the 3rd, 4th and 5th Sundays of Lent are different based on the year:

In Year A, the themes of Baptism are made clear through quite long Gospels relating to Jesus’ encounters with the Samaritan Woman at the Well, the Man who was born blind, and the Raising of Lazarus.

Don’t be confused that these Gospels are all from St John’s Gospel, even though it is Year A (traditionally associated with St Matthew’s Gospel).

It is also noticeable in the three Gospels that follow that In Jesus’s encounters with the various people, there appear to be cross-purposes. Jesus speaks of heavenly things while the people he meets are more preoccupied with the here and now. Of course, both are important, but in Baptism, while living in the here and now, we are invited to become citizens of heaven.

Third Sunday of Lent - Samaritan Woman at the Well (John 4: 5-42)

The conversation between Jesus and the Woman of Samaria centres on reaching the water in the well (the woman) and satisfying thirst for the waters of eternal life (Jesus).

So the Baptismal theme here is Water. 

Jesus answered her,
‘If you knew the gift of God,
and who it is that is saying to you, “Give me a drink”,
you would have asked him,
and he would have given you living water.’

Fourth Sunday of Lent - the Man who was born blind (John 9:1-41)

The truth of the man’s cure by Jesus is a cause for dispute, those who doubt that he was born blind in the first place, and those wished to find fault in Jesus for performing a cure (which constituted work which is forbidden for Jewish people in the Sabbath).

A poignant passage from this Gospel follows people asking whose sin led to the man’s blindness, an Old Testament understanding of illness as punishment).

Jesus answered,
‘It was not that this man sinned, or his parents,
but that the works of God might be displayed in him.
We must work the works of him who sent me while it is day;
night is coming, when no one can work.
As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world.’

The Baptismal theme here is Light. 

Fifth Sunday of Lent - the Raising of Lazarus from the Dead (John 11:1-45)

In this passage, both of the sisters of Lazarus, Martha and Mary, close friends of Jesus, express impressive faith in Jesus and in the Resurrection, but still do not understand fully that Jesus himself is the Resurrection and the Life.

Martha said to Jesus,
‘Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died.
But even now I know that whatever you ask from God,
God will give you.’
Jesus said to her, ‘Your brother will rise again.’
Martha said to him,
‘I know that he will rise again in the resurrection on the last day.’
Jesus said to her,
‘I am the resurrection and the life.
Whoever believes in me, though he die, yet shall he live,
and everyone who lives and believes in me shall never die.

The Baptismal theme here is Resurrection.

It is generally good to know that there is usually a link between the Gospel at Sunday Mass and the First Reading, chosen specially to reflect something found in the Gospel. This is certainly true of the First Readings this Lent. Do look out for that connection. 

To conclude this digest of the Sunday Gospels of Lent, 
Palm Sunday which begins Holy Week has two Gospel passages:
The short Gospel which forms part of the Blessing of Palm Branches and Procession (Matthew 21:1-11). This Gospel Passage is from the Gospel of any given year and commemorates Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem.

On Palm Sunday, the long Passion Gospel is taken from the Sunday of the given year, this year Matthew 26:14-27, & 66. Please note that the long Passion Gospel proclaimed on Good Friday is always from St John’s Gospel (John 18:1- 19:42).



You will always get more from the proclamation of the Sunday readings if you are able to read them beforehand. Where they are provided in your church, could you arrive 10 minutes before Mass and just spend some time reading them? Even if they do not immediately mean a lot to you, the fact that you have seen them will make a difference when you hear them proclaimed at Mass.

Alternatives are buying a Sunday Missal. For advice on this, call St Paul’s Bookshop in Birmingham on 0121 236 6336.

Or you can buy the app called Universalis. For a one-off payment, you can have access to Sunday and weekday Mass readings, the Daily prayers of the Divine Office (Morning Prayer, Evening Prayer, Night Prayer etc), biographical information about Saints and feast of celebrations and so on. You can also set the app to the Archdiocese of Birmingham liturgical calendar as well as the options for all of the above how many different countries are around the world. It also offers a regular podcast.

For further formation materials on the Word of God, please look for monthly magazines like Bible Alive or the Pastoral Review

And if you wish to pursue faith and study at another level, why not try Maryvale Institute for courses.

Having mentioned earlier, the benefit of looking at the Mass readings before Mass, perhaps one of the greatest benefits can be realised through taking some time after Mass to read the Scriptures of the Sunday. It can mean so much more from the first time of reading them; then their proclamation at Mass; then their possible explanation in this homily; and then the private reading now with new eyes and ears can explore new depths.

Resources for Lent and Easter